Energy storage distribution network standards

What are energy storage systems?

Energy storage systems (ESSs) in the electric power networks can be provided by a variety of techniques and technologies.

Does industry need energy storage standards?

As cited in the DOE OE ES Program Plan, “Industry requires specifications of standards for characterizing the performance of energy storage under grid conditions and for modeling behavior. Discussions with industry professionals indicate a significant need for standards …” [1, p. 30].

What is an ESS in a distribution network?

For distribution networks, an ESS converts electrical energy from a power network, via an external interface, into a form that can be stored and converted back to electrical energy when needed , , . The electrical interface is provided by a power conversion system and is a crucial element of ESSs in distribution networks , .

How are energy storage systems categorized?

In general, storage systems are categorized based on two factors namely storage medium (type of the energy stored) and storage (discharge) duration. In the first type classification, the ESSs are divided to mechanical, chemical, and electrical storage systems based on the form in which the energy is stored.

How many ESS are required in an LV distribution network?

The number of required ESSs in an LV distribution network may be lower than in an MV network, and the distributed structure of ESS placement with more than one ESS is highly recommended to allow better system performance and flexibility in mitigating problems.

How are energy storage works classified?

Then, the works are classified based on the used energy storage technologies and models, considered applications for the storage systems and associated objective functions, network modeling, solution methods, and uncertainty management of the problem. Each section is equipped with relevant future works for those who are interested in the field.